Raikheda power station

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Raikheda power station is an operating power station of at least 1370-megawatts (MW) in Raikheda, Tilda, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India with multiple units, some of which are not currently operating. It is also known as Raipur Thermal Power Plant.

Location

Table 1: Project-level location details

Plant name	Location	Coordinates (WGS 84)
Raikheda power station	Raikheda, Tilda, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India	21.449918, 81.852474 (exact)

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Unit-level coordinates (WGS 84):

• Unit 1, Unit 2, Unit 3, Unit 4: 21.449918, 81.852474

Project Details

Table 2: Unit-level details

Unit name	Status	Fuel(s)	Capacity (MW)	Technology	Start year
Unit 1	Operating	coal: bituminous	685	supercritical	2015
Unit 2	Operating	coal: bituminous	685	supercritical	2016
Unit 3	Permitted	coal: unknown	800	ultra-supercritical	–
Unit 4	Permitted	coal: unknown	800	ultra-supercritical	–

Table 3: Unit-level ownership and operator details

Unit name	Owner	Parent
Unit 1	Adani Power Ltd	Adani Power Ltd
Unit 2	Adani Power Ltd	Adani Power Ltd
Unit 3	Adani Power Ltd	Adani Power Ltd
Unit 4	Adani Power Ltd	Adani Power Ltd

Project-level coal details

• Permit(s): Environmental Clearance; Terms of Reference: 2023-09-10

Ownership Tree

This ownership tree is part of the Global Energy Ownership Tracker, a project of Global Energy Monitor.

Background

In February 2010, it was reported that sponsor GMR Group would begin construction on the station in the following months, with the two units commissioned within 45 months and 50 months respectively, around 2014.

The first unit was synchronized in October 2014, and commissioned in February 2016. Unit 2 was commissioned in March 2016.

On 3 August 2019, Adani Power Limited took over control of the power plant from GMR Chhattisgarh Energy Ltd.

According to Adani's 2023-2024 Annual Report, operators had conducted biomass co-firing trials at the Raikheda (Raipur) power station by blending 5% and 10% biomass at the existing coal-fired units.

Proposed expansion: 2 x 800 MW

In the July 2023 minutes of the MOEF's meeting agenda, it was reported that Adani Power had applied for fresh Terms of Reference (ToR) for a proposed 2 x 800 MW expansion to the power station.

The July 2023 Adani submission summarized the project as follows: "APL, Raipur owns and operates 1370 MW (2x685 MW) Coal based super critical thermal power plant situated at village Raikheda, Gaitara, Chicholi, Block - Tilda, District Raipur in Chhattisgarh. The anticipated demand for electricity in the country as well as Chhattisgarh State and the location of the project being close to coal fields, the company proposes to undertake expansion of the existing plant by addition of 2 units of 800 MW each translating to a capacity addition of 1600 MW. The total capacity of Raipur Thermal Power Plant after expansion will be 2970 MW."

It its August 2023 Meeting Minutes, the MOEF's Expert Appraisal Committee recommended Terms of Reference (ToR) for the 2 x 800 MW expansion project. The proposal received ToR in September 2023.

In June 2024, Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. (BHEL) received an order for the construction of a 2 x 800 MW expansion of the Raikheda power station in Raipur.

In September 2024, Adani Power submitted a proposal for Environmental Clearance (EC) for the expansion from the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MOEFCC). In October 2024, the MOEFCC's Expert Appraisal Committee recommended that the expansion project be granted EC. An EC certificate was issued in November 2024.

In December 2024, Power Mech Projects Ltd. secured a Rs 5.1 billion contract for the expansion project’s mechanical construction works.

Although Units 3 and 4 were included in the Broad Status report of under-construction thermal power projects in January 2025 and May 2025, the reports did not indicate that physical construction work had begun.

Opposition

Nearly a hundred farmers rallied in March 2009 to protest land acquisitions for the GMR Energy project. Protest leader Ganguram Baghel told reporters, "Today's rally is to remind the company to recall its agents from Raikheda who are making false promises to the farmers. We do not want the plant as it will only raise the pollution levels in Raikheda that already has over a dozen sponge iron units. We will oppose the project till our last breath because it is an issue concerning our survival. Hundreds of Raikheda residents and from adjoining villages have skin cancer due to industrial pollution and the number of patients is going up every month."

According to reporting from November 2024, village residents claimed that low-lying areas around the existing power station were being polluted with fly ash, affecting farms and water quality. The residents also claimed that they were not adequately informed about the power station’s proposed expansion and that the project’s Environmental Impact Assessment was not circulated before a June 2024 public hearing in Raikheda.

Financing

Units 1-2: In early 2010 it was reported that the project is likely to have a 70:30 debt equity ratio with estimated debt amount of Rs 6,000-crore (INR 60 billion). Financial close was achieved in 2010. Exact final financing amounts and the lenders were not known.

According to a June 2012 report, although the project had received all its approvals, banks were withholding funds from the project. According to GMR's presentation dated 2018, debt has been restructured due to the absence of long-term PPAs. Debt INR 30 bn was converted into equity with consortium lenders acquiring 52% of shareholding. INT 58 billion of debt was remaining after debt restructuring. Total project cost was INR 124 bn (ca USD 1.855 billion).

Adani's acquisition of the plant in 2019 involved purchasing 52.38% of the equity stake from a consortium of lenders and the remaining 47.62% from the GMR Group. This acquisition allowed Adani Power to restructure the plant's debt.

Units 3-4: The estimated cost of the expansion project was said to be Rs 5310 crore (US $632 million). As of March 2025, it was not clear how the plant will be financed. It is likely that it will be financed by Adani as it planned to increase its corporate debt.

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Additional data

To access additional data, including an interactive map of coal-fired power stations, a downloadable dataset, and summary data, please visit the Global Coal Plant Tracker on the Global Energy Monitor website.