Ekibastuz-2 power station

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Ekibastuz-2 power station (Экибастузская ГРЭС-2, Екiбастұз ГРЭС-2 станциясы) is an operating power station of at least 1000-megawatts (MW) in Ekibastuz, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan with multiple units, some of which are not currently operating. It is also known as GRES-2 power station.

Location

Table 1: Project-level location details

Plant name Location Coordinates (WGS 84)
Ekibastuz-2 power station Ekibastuz, Ekibastuz, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan 52.023972, 75.47625 (exact)[1]
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Unit-level coordinates (WGS 84):

  • Unit 1, Unit 2, Unit 3, Unit 4, Unit 5, Unit 6: 52.023972, 75.47625

Project Details

Table 2: Unit-level details

Unit name Status Fuel(s) Capacity (MW) Technology CHP Start year Emergency/Backup
Unit 1 Operating coal: bituminous[2] 500 supercritical yes 1990 False
Unit 2 Operating coal: bituminous[2] 500 supercritical yes 1993 False
Unit 3 Pre-permit[3] coal: bituminous[2] 550[4] supercritical yes 2028 (planned)[5][4][6] False
Unit 4 Pre-permit[7][4] coal: bituminous[2] 550[4][6] supercritical yes 2030 (planned)[5][4][6] False
Unit 5 Shelved[8] coal: bituminous[2] 636 supercritical – 2029 (planned) False
Unit 6 Shelved[8] coal: bituminous[2] 636 supercritical – 2030 (planned) False

Table 3: Unit-level ownership and operator details

Unit name Owner Parent
Unit 1 Ekibastuz GRES-2 JSC [100%][9] Samruk-Energo JSC [50.0%]; Samruk-Kazyna SWF JSC [50.0%]
Unit 2 Ekibastuz GRES-2 JSC [100%][9] Samruk-Energo JSC [50.0%]; Samruk-Kazyna SWF JSC [50.0%]
Unit 3 Ekibastuz GRES-2 JSC [100%][9] Samruk-Energo JSC [50.0%]; Samruk-Kazyna SWF JSC [50.0%]
Unit 4 Ekibastuz GRES-2 JSC [100%][9] Samruk-Energo JSC [50.0%]; Samruk-Kazyna SWF JSC [50.0%]
Unit 5 Ekibastuz GRES-2 JSC [100%][9] Samruk-Energo JSC [50.0%]; Samruk-Kazyna SWF JSC [50.0%]
Unit 6 Ekibastuz GRES-2 JSC [100%][9] Samruk-Energo JSC [50.0%]; Samruk-Kazyna SWF JSC [50.0%]

Project-level coal details

  • Coal source(s): domestic

Ownership Tree

This ownership tree is part of the Global Energy Ownership Tracker, a project of Global Energy Monitor.

Background

The Ekibastuz GRES-2 Power Station is a coal-fuelled power generating station in Ekibastuz, Kazakhstan. The station has installed capacity of 1,000 MW, provided by two units of 500 MW each.

Ekibastuz-2 was part a coal-fired complex that included Ekibastuz-1 power station. The construction project was never finished, with only ten of 16 planned power units completed. Only two 500MW units at the Ekibastuz GRES-2 Power Station were commissioned (in 1990 and 1993). After that, construction was suspended.[10]

The plant produced 6433 million kWh in 2021[11] and 6002 million kWh in 2022.[12]

In 2025, the plant generated 5.3 billion kWh of electricity. Generation of 6 billion kWh was planned for 2026. Following commissioning of Units 3 and 4, each new unit was expected to reach 550 MW, bringing the station's total installed capacity to 2,100 MW.[13]

Ownership

At the end of 2005 a joint venture between INTER RAO UES JSC and Samruk-Energo JSC was established to operate the GRES-2 Power Station. Its shareholders proposed overhauling existing units and building new ones. In July 2019, Samruk-Kazyna bought Inter RAO's 50% share in the plant.[14] The plant is therefore 50% owned by Samruk-Energy and 50% by Samruk Kazyna. Samruk-Energy is fully owned by Samruk Kazyna.

Expansion & Delays

Proposed Unit 3 (500 MW, 1990-2018)

Construction of Unit 3 began in 1990 but was later stopped. A 500 MW unit was then planned for 2008–2009, but also did not proceed.[15]

In 2010, Kazakhstan and Russia agreed to build a third unit, with the agreement ratified in January 2011. The project was planned at 500 MW and US$770 million, with output to be supplied to Russia and co-funded by a US$700 million loan from Vneshekonombank and the Eurasian Bank of Kazakhstan.[16] In January 2014, Russia and China agreed to lend an additional US$400 million for the same unit.[17] In March 2014, Inter RAO and the Government of Kazakhstan planned to begin construction by mid-2015 with completion in 2018.[18] Building and installation works began that year[19] but stalled, resuming again in 2018.[20]

In December 2019, Samruk-Kazyna acquired Inter RAO's 50% stake in the plant for $25 million, bringing Ekibastuz GRES-2 under full Kazakh ownership.[21]

Proposed Unit 3 (resumed 2019-present)

After the plant came under full Kazakh ownership in 2019, Samruk Energy resumed the project with an increased capacity of 636 MW. As of June 2021, construction was not expected to begin until 2023, with commissioning pushed to December 2025.[10][22] In September 2021, Samruk Energy reported that preparatory work had been carried out in 2020 and H1 2021, including financial and technical audits, refinancing of loans, and registration of construction permits. More than 11 tonnes of equipment had been delivered to the site.[23] As of December 2021, Inter RAO Engineering was expected to serve as EPC contractor, with Harbin Electric as the planned supplier of the 636 MW steam turbine, generator, and boiler.[24] Gosekspertiza approval was expected by end of 2021,[11] and an environmental impact assessment was published in 2021 with public consultation in June 2021,[25] though further public consultation was also reported in March 2023.[26]

In March 2023, CMEC and Samruk-Kazyna announced they were working together on Units 3 and 4 (see below), under a memorandum of cooperation signed in September 2022. Commissioning of Unit 3 was still expected in 2025.[26][27] Repeated public hearings took place in May 2023.[28]

Samruk Energy's 2022 annual report noted that 28% of equipment from Kvarts LLP (China) had been delivered by end-2022, negotiations with Harbin Erantex Technology on equipment shipment were underway, and hangar construction had begun. Expenditure on the project in 2022 was 10 billion tenge, with 6 billion planned for 2023 and 49.5 billion for 2024.[29]

By May 2023, 70% of equipment had been shipped from China.[30] As of October 2023, 53% of total equipment (7,782 tonnes) had been delivered to the site, 22.6% was in transit, and 24.1% remained in China. The project cost was estimated at 441 billion tenge, with commissioning now planned for December 2026.[31]

In December 2023, Samruk Energy reached agreements with Russian company ORGRES LLC for the construction of Units 3 and 4 using Russian equipment.[32][33] In January 2024, Samruk Energy confirmed that Chinese equipment previously delivered for Unit 3 would instead be used at Ekibastuz-3 power station, and that commissioning of Unit 3 was now planned for 2027. ORGRES was to supply equipment and perform commissioning and installation work for both Units 3 and 4.[34][35]

In February 2024, the Pavlodar regional prosecutor's office reported embezzlement of approximately 1 billion tenge (ca. $2.2 million) allocated for the Unit 3 expansion.[36] A public consultation in March 2024 was attended by only 13 participants, mostly company-affiliated. The consultation report noted that in October 2023, Ekibastuz GRES-2 had signed a 10-year capacity tariff agreement with the Ministry of Energy (2027–2036), and that 75% of Chinese equipment (7,800 tonnes) had been delivered to the plant.[37]

Samruk Energy's 2023 annual report (published June 2024) confirmed that the feasibility study had been submitted to Gosekspertiza in December 2023 and the investment proposal to the Market Council in January 2024. The final investment agreement with the Ministry of Energy appeared to have been signed in September 2024.[38][39] The updated investment plan showed 3.1 billion tenge planned for 2024 and 71 billion for 2025, significantly lower than the previous plan (6 billion and 49.5 billion respectively).[38][29]

In August 2024, a new EPC contract was signed for Units 3 and 4 at 540 MW each — lower than the previously planned 636 MW — with commissioning of Unit 3 in 2028 and Unit 4 in 2030. The EPC consortium comprised KBI Energy Group (leader), TOO Stroyindustriya (design), and ORGRES (equipment supplier), with all equipment to be sourced from Russia: boiler from Podolsky Machine Factory and turbine and generator from Power Machines.[40][41] Gosekspertiza approval was expected in Q1 2025, with construction to follow.[39] Public hearings in November 2024 resulted in a positive environmental impact assessment opinion.[42]

In August 2025, a revised EPC contract was signed, replacing ORGRES with TOO Energo Spets Stroi as equipment supplier and substituting a shareholder loan for the previously anticipated Russian financing.[43] Equipment procurement progressed in mid-2025: in July 2025, a contract was signed with ZiO-Podolsk (Russia) for boiler manufacture, with delivery by July 2027; and in September 2025, a contract was signed with Harbin Electric International (China) for the steam turbine and turbogenerator, with delivery by May 2027.[44][45] Gosekspertiza approval, revised from mid-2025, was expected in early 2026.[46]

In January 2026, Prime Minister Bektenov visited the site, with commissioning of Units 3 and 4 confirmed for September 2028 and September 2030 respectively, and total investment exceeding 1.2 trillion tenge (~$2.3 billion).[47] As of March 2026, 97 workers and 12 units of heavy equipment were on site, with Gosekspertiza approval expected that month.[48] However, on 3 April 2026, Gosekspertiza issued a negative conclusion due to technical corrections required to the cost estimates and a breach of regulatory submission deadlines; a positive conclusion was expected by July 2026.[49]

In March 2026, it was confirmed that Russian turbines and generators had been dropped from the project in favour of Harbin Electric International (China), reducing the estimated unit cost from 650 billion to under 400 billion tenge, a saving of over 250 billion tenge (~$500 million). The switch was attributed to Russia's failure to provide the promised concessional financing and delays by the Russian turbine manufacturer.[50]

In April 2026, a Samruk-Energo representative disclosed that the Chinese equipment previously purchased for Unit 3 and stored on site could not be used due to ongoing legal disputes with Harbin Electric over primary and auxiliary equipment. Following resolution of those disputes, the equipment was planned for use at Ekibastuz-3 power station or future units.[51]

Proposed Unit 4

The September 2022 CMEC memorandum also covered Unit 4 at 636–660 MW, with commissioning initially expected in 2027.[26][27][52][53][54] A tender for the Unit 4 feasibility study was underway as of December 2023.[55] The December 2023 agreement with ORGRES covered both Units 3 and 4.[32][33] In January 2024, Samruk Energy said the EPC contract for both units was planned for March–April 2024, with Unit 4 commissioning now pushed to 2029.[34] The August 2024 EPC contract covered both units at 540 MW each; it was replaced with a revised contract in May 2025.[40] Monthly company reporting on investment program implementation referred only to Unit 3.[56]

Proposed Units 5-6

In January and April 2023, additional Units 5 and 6 were announced, to be completed in 2029-2030.[52][57][54] There was no further news on these Units, as of January 2024, and the government order on the development of the power sector until 2035 issued in February 2024 did not mention new Units 5 and 6 (only Units 3 and 4).[58] It therefore appeared that plans for these units had been abandoned.

Financing

Unit 3 (2010): A loan agreement for Unit 3 was closed in July 2010. US$700 million in loans was provided by Vneshekonombank and the Eurasian Bank of Kazakhstan.[16] In October 2013, a second loan agreement for Unit 3 was closed. The China Development Bank agreed to provide a US$400 million loan.[59]

In 2020, Samruk-Energy reported that all outstanding loans in foreign currencies were refinanced by a loan in tenge from the National Bank of Kazakhstan for a total of over 100 billion tenge (ca USD 210m).[60] Therefore it appeared that there is no foreign bank financing anymore.

Unit 3 and 4 (Proposed): An industry article from October 2023 referred to the potential funding by Russia and Eurasian Bank of Development for Units 3 and 4.[61] In January 2024, Samruk Energy reported that in October 2023, preliminary indicative conditions for financing Units 3 and 4 in the amount of up to 205 billion rubles have been received. It was planned to obtain a decision on the loan in March 2024.[34] Reporting from August 2024 still referred to the planned concessional financing from Russian financial institutions based on subsidized interest rate as part of the export support program.[40]

In February 2025, a government commission approved the investment of funds by the National Bank of Kazakhstan into bonds issued by the Kazakh sovereign wealth fund Samruk-Kazyna on market terms, including for the construction of Unit 3 at Ekibastuz GRES-2.[62]

In May 2025, all required corporate approvals were obtained from shareholders of Samruk-Kazyna and Samruk-Energy for the bond program related to Ekibastuz GRES-2, with Samruk-Kazyna designated as the bondholder. The bond program was registered in June 2025.[62]

As of June 2025, Russian government's decision on subsidizing the project has not been made and to avoid failures to meet the deadlines of the project, the shareholders of the company are taking measures to attract other debt funding, with the possibility of refinancing after subsidized financing is approved. Delays in obtaining financing did not allow for timely advance payment under the EPC contract and also affected the timing of the development of design documentation and receiving state approval.[46]

In June and September 2025, Ekibastuz GRES-2 JSC raised a total of KZT 210 billion (approximately $400 million) through two bond issues on KASE at 14.5% per annum for 15 years: KZT 90 billion via public placement and KZT 120 billion via private placement.[63][64] The private placement was consistent with a February 2025 government decision approving investment of National Bank of Kazakhstan funds into the project, though the identity of the buyer had not been publicly confirmed.[65]

Following the bond placements, advance payments under the EPC contract for the construction of Unit 3 were made between June and September 2025. The funds were reported to have been allocated to the development of design documentation at the “Project” stage and to advance payments for the manufacture of major equipment.[62]

Alleged Misappropriation of Modernization Funds

In August 2025, a court case related to the alleged misappropriation of approximately KZT 1 billion (ca. $1.9 million) allocated for the modernization of Ekibastuz GRES-2 concluded in Kazakhstan. The funds were intended for expansion and reconstruction works, including the installation of a generating unit #3. The court acquitted most defendants due to insufficient evidence, while one individual was found guilty of fraud but released from criminal liability due to the statute of limitations. The case concerned works carried out in the early 2010s and did not result in confirmed recovery of the misappropriated funds.[66]

Pollution Ranking and Mitigation Measures

The government decree from April 2022 ranked the Ekibastuz-2 GRES power plant as Number 3 in the list of the main polluters in Kazakhstan as of 2021. The government decree comes into force from 2025.[67] It is not clear what the purpose of the ranking is.

In 2025, Ekibastuz-2 GRES accounted for approximately 8.8% of total emissions in the Pavlodar region. Modernization of aspiration systems was reported to have reduced emissions by about 2.57 thousand tonnes. The application of micro-pulse technology was reported to further reduce particulate matter concentrations. Additional measures implemented included dust suppression at ash disposal sites, dry ash processing, and greening activities within the plant area and the settlement of Solnechny. Planned investments in environmental measures for 2025–2027 were reported at approximately KZT 8.1 billion (ca. $15.5 million).[68]

A March 2026 report by Kazinform cited Ekibastuz-2 and Ekibastuz-1 power stations as the primary sources of air pollution in Pavlodar Region, which recorded the highest total emissions among all regions of Kazakhstan. The energy sector as a whole accounted for approximately 39% of total pollutant emissions in the country, according to the Minister of Ecology.[69]

Articles and Resources

References

  1. ↑ "Gres-2". Archived from the original on 2025-10-16.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 https://www.gem.wiki/Coal_source_methodology_for_the_Global_Coal_Plant_Tracker. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  3. ↑ Екiбастұз ГРЭС-2 станциясы АҚ (2025). "Отчет по исполнению План-графика подготовки и реализации проекта «Расширение и реконструкция Экибастузской ГРЭС-2 с установкой энергоблока ст. № 3» от 30.09.2025 г." Archived from the original on 2025-10-16.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Министерство Энергетики Республики Казахстан (2025-04-02). "О внесении изменения в приказ Министра энергетики Республики Казахстан от 20 февраля 2024 года № 71 «Об утверждении Плана мероприятий по развитию электроэнергетической отрасли до 2035 года»". Archived from the original on 2025-10-16.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 https://ru.sputnik.kz/20260130/dva-novykh-energobloka-postroyat-na-ekibastuzskoy-gres-2-k-2030-godu-60811260.html. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 https://web.archive.org/web/20260205024955/https://samruk-energy.kz/ru/press-center/vse-novosti/1802-ekibastuzskaya-gres-2-podpisala-ers-dogovor-na-stroitelstvo-3-i-4-energoblokov. Archived from the original on 2026-02-05. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  7. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20240218224702/https://inbusiness.kz/ru/news/kakie-krupnye-energoproekty-planiruyut-realizovat-v-kazahstane-do-2035-goda. Archived from the original on 2024-02-18. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 (PDF) https://web.archive.org/web/20240417094445/https://www.gov.kz/uploads/2024/2/20/60845b9bf4f31194ae43ed12483269a5_original.241160.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2024-04-17. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
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  12. ↑ "2022 Samruk Energy Annual Report" (PDF). www.samruk-energy.kz. 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  13. ↑ "Реализация поручений Президента: в Экибастузе модернизируются ТЭЦ, угольное производство и наращивается генерация электроэнергии". primeminister.kz. January 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. ↑ ""Интер РАО" продает половину Экибастузской ГРЭС-2 за $20 млн". inbusiness.kz. July 2019. Retrieved December 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  15. ↑ "Ekibastuz-2 power plant units plan will be ready soon," New Europe, January 12, 2007
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 "Kazakh power plant signs $700m financing | News | IJGlobal". ijglobal.com. Retrieved 2020-11-16.
  17. ↑ "China and Russia to spend $400 million on Kazakhstan power plant," Tengri News, January 16, 2014
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  19. ↑ "2014 Annual Report," Samruk Energy, July 6, 2015
  20. ↑ "Construction of energy block N3 at Ekibastuz GRES-2 resumed," Kaztag, April 6, 2018
  21. ↑ ""Интер РАО" продает половину Экибастузской ГРЭС-2 за $20 млн". inbusiness.kz. July 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  22. ↑ "Что творится на казахстанском энергетическом долгострое, оставшемся без российских акционеров," Caravan, June 8, 2021
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  25. ↑ "Оценка воздействия на окружающую среду" (PDF). ovos.kz. 2021. Retrieved December 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 "Китайская компания сохраняет интерес к модернизации Экибастузской ГРЭС-2". https://kz.kursiv.media/. March 2023. {{cite web}}: External link in |website= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 "Китайская компания «сохраняет интерес» к строительству третьего энергоблока Экибастузской ГРЭС-2, которое планируется около 30 лет". rus.azattyq.org. March 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  28. ↑ "Прошли повторные общественные слушания по проекту «Расширение и реконструкция Экибастузской ГРЭС-2 с установкой энергоблока ст. № 3»". gres2.kz. May 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 "Samruk Energy 2022 Annual Report" (PDF). www.samruk-energy.kz/. May 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  30. ↑ "Результаты деятельности АО «Самрук-Энерго» за 1 полугодие 2023 года" (PDF). www.samruk-energy.kz. July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  31. ↑ "Дефицит заставит: правительство наделят правом договариваться о строительстве электростанций без проведения тендера". kz.kursiv.media. October 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 "Media: Kazakhstan Signs Agreements with Russia for Construction of Three Combined Heat and Power Plants in the Country". https://russia-islworld.ru/. 23 December 2023. {{cite web}}: External link in |website= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 "Kazakhstan-Russia. Agreements in power sector". www.samruk-energy.kz/. January 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 "Какие крупные энергопроекты планируют реализовать в Казахстане до 2035 года". inbusiness.kz. 16 January 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  35. ↑ "Строительство энергоблоков № 3 и 4 Экибастузской ГРЭС-2". https://orgres-f.ru/. December 2023. {{cite web}}: External link in |website= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  36. ↑ "Около 1 млрд тенге похищено при модернизации Экибастузской ГРЭС-2 – прокуратура". vlast.kz. February 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  37. ↑ "Отчет по исполнению План-графика подготовки и реализации проекта «Расширение и реконструкция Экибастузской ГРЭС-2 с установкой энергоблока ст. № 3» от 01.04.2024 г." (PDF). gres2.kz. April 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 "Annual Integrated Report of Samruk-Energy JSC based on the results of 2023" (PDF). www.samruk-energy.kz. June 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 "Отчет по исполнению План-графика подготовки и реализации проекта «Расширение и реконструкция Экибастузской ГРЭС-2 с установкой энергоблока ст. № 3» на технологических решениях РФ (по состоянию на 01.10.2024 г.)" (PDF). /gres2.kz. 1 October 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 40.2 "Экибастузская ГРЭС-2 подписала ЕРС-договор на строительство 3 и 4 энергоблоков". samruk-energy.kz. August 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  41. ↑ "Российские технологии предпочли китайским в проекте расширения Экибастузской ГРЭС". orda.kz/. September 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  42. ↑ "Отчет по исполнению План-графика подготовки и реализации проекта «Расширение и реконструкция Экибастузской ГРЭС-2 с установкой энергоблока ст. № 3» на технологических решениях РФ (по состоянию на 30.11.2024 г.)" (PDF). gres2.kz. December 2024. {{cite web}}: line feed character in |title= at position 65 (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  43. ↑ "Отчет по исполнению План-графика подготовки и реализации проекта «Расширение и реконструкция Экибастузской ГРЭС-2 с установкой энергоблока ст. № 3»," Gres 2 KZ report, August 29, 2025
  44. ↑ "Отчет по исполнению План-графика подготовки и реализации проекта «Расширение и реконструкция Экибастузской ГРЭС-2 с установкой энергоблока ст. № 3»" (PDF). gres2.kz. December 2, 2025. Retrieved Dec 24, 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  45. ↑ GRES-2 (2025-09-25). "Отчет по исполнению Плана-графика подготовки и реализации проекта «Расширение и реконструкция Экибастузской ГРЭС-2 с установкой энергоблока ст. №3» (по состоянию на 29.09.2025 г.)" (PDF). gres2.kz.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  46. ↑ 46.0 46.1 "Отчет по исполнению План-графика подготовки и реализации проекта «Расширение и реконструкция Экибастузской ГРЭС-2 с установкой энергоблока ст. № 3» (по состоянию на 02.06.2025 г.)" (PDF). gres2.kz/. June 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  47. ↑ "Два новых энергоблока построят на Экибастузской ГРЭС-2 к 2030 году". sputnik.kz. January 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  48. ↑ "Третий энергоблок на ГРЭС-2 снова будет китайским". hronika.kz. March 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  49. ↑ "Почему в Экибастузе не построили четыре ГРЭС". hronika.kz. May 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  50. ↑ "Казахстан отказался от российских турбин в пользу китайских для Экибастузской ГРЭС-2". orda.kz. March 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  51. ↑ "Китайское оборудование «пылится» много лет на складах Экибастуза из-за судов". kz.kursiv.media. April 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 "Стали известны сроки строительства ГРЭС-3 в Экибастузе". https://www.inform.kz/. January 2023. {{cite web}}: External link in |website= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  53. ↑ "В Экибастузе построят ГРЭС-3?". salem.su. January 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 "В Алматы обсудили энергетические проекты". www.samruk-energy.kz. January 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  55. ↑ "Пострадавший от атаки шортистов индийский миллиардер отказался от строительства крупной угольной станции в Казахстане". /kz.kursiv.media. 7 December 2023. Retrieved via the Wayback Machine. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  56. ↑ "Исполнение инвестиционной программы". /gres2.kz. 2024–2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date format (link) CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  57. ↑ "Как регулирование майнинга сказалось на энергосистеме Казахстана". kz.kursiv.media. April 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  58. ↑ "Приказ "Об утверждении Плана мероприятий по развитию электроэнергетической отрасли до 2035 года"". /www.gov.kz. February 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  59. ↑ "Russian Vnesheconombank attracts loan from China Development Bank for Ekibastuz GRES-2 in Kazakhstan". Trend.Az. 2013-10-22. Retrieved 2020-11-16.
  60. ↑ "Экибастузская ГРЭС-2 устранила угрозу валютных рисков". samruk-energy.com. 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  61. ↑ "На модернизацию Экибастузской ГРЭС-2 могут привлечь средства из России и ЕНПФ". /kz.kursiv.media. October 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  62. ↑ 62.0 62.1 62.2 "Отчет по исполнению План-графика подготовки и реализации проекта «Расширение и реконструкция Экибастузской ГРЭС-2 с установкой энергоблока ст. № 3»" (PDF). gres2.kz. December 2, 2025. Retrieved Dec 24, 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  63. ↑ "SEGRb1 coupon bonds". kase.kz.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  64. ↑ "SEGRpp1 coupon bonds". kase.kz.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  65. ↑ "Отчет по исполнению План-графика" (PDF). gres2.kz. December 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  66. ↑ "Хищение миллиарда при модернизации Экибастузской ГРЭС-2: фигурантов дела оправдали". tengrinews.kz. August 25, 2025. Retrieved Dec 24, 2025. {{cite web}}: line feed character in |title= at position 8 (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  67. ↑ "Об утверждении перечня пятидесяти объектов I категории, наиболее крупных по суммарным выбросам загрязняющих веществ в окружающую среду на 1 января 2021 года". adilet.zan.kz. April 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  68. ↑ "Технологии для снижения выбросов внедряют в 50 крупных компаниях Казахстана". inform.kz. December 19, 2025. Retrieved Dec 24, 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  69. ↑ "«Чистый уголь» и новые ТЭЦ: как Казахстан планирует укрепить энергосистему". inform.kz. March 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

Additional data

To access additional data, including an interactive map of coal-fired power stations, a downloadable dataset, and summary data, please visit the Global Coal Plant Tracker on the Global Energy Monitor website.

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