Gate LNG Terminal

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Gate LNG Terminal, also known as Gate terminal, is an LNG import terminal in Netherlands with units that are operating and in construction.

Location

Table 1: Location details

Name	Location	Coordinates (WGS 84)
Expansion	Maasvlakte, Port of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, South Holland, Netherlands	51.971111, 4.068889 (exact)
Gate LNG Terminal (base project)	Maasvlakte, Port of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, South Holland, Netherlands	51.971111, 4.068889 (exact)

The map below shows the exact location of the terminal:

Loading map...

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Project Details

Table 2: Infrastructure details

mtpa = million tonnes per year

Name	Facility type	Status	Capacity	Total terminal capacity	Offshore	Associated infrastructure
Expansion	import	construction	2.94 mtpa	14.7 mtpa	False	–
Gate LNG Terminal (base project)	import	operating	11.76 mtpa	14.7 mtpa	False	–

Table 3: Cost

Name	Facility type	Cost	Total known terminal costs
Expansion	import	US$381,500,000 (350,000,000 EUR)	US$1,253,500,000
Gate LNG Terminal (base project)	import	US$872,000,000 (800,000,000 EUR)	US$1,253,500,000

Financing

No financing data available.

Table 4: Project timeline

FID = Final Investment Decision, used by some developers to indicate a project will move forward

Name	Facility type	Status	Proposal year	FID year	Construction year	Operating year	Inactive year
Expansion	import	construction	2019	2023 (FID)	2023	–	–
Gate LNG Terminal (base project)	import	operating	2005	2007 (FID)	2008	2011	–

Ownership

Table 5: Ownership

Name	Facility type	Status	Owners	Parent companies	Operator
Expansion	import	construction	Gate Terminal BV	Nederlandse Gasunie NV; Vopak	Gate Terminal
Gate LNG Terminal (base project)	import	operating	Gate Terminal BV	Nederlandse Gasunie NV; Vopak	Gate Terminal

Background

GATE (Gas Access to Europe) LNG Terminal is a liquefied natural gas (LNG) regasification terminal in South Holland Province, Netherlands, in the port of Rotterdam.

The project was first being explored as early as August 2005. A final investment decision was taken in December 2007.

The terminal began construction in June 2008 and was brought into service in September 2011; the construction contract was carried out by Techint and SENER. The terminal is jointly owned by Dutch firms Gasunie and Vopak. It cost around US$1.1 billion.

According to Food and Water Europe's 2019 profile on gas use and production in the Netherlands, "It initially had a capacity of 12bcm, but capacities could be extended to 16bcm. However, since its creation, the terminal has never been used at more than 18% of its capacity and at more than 10% since 2012 (potentially due to high LNG prices). Between January 2012 and March 2019, the terminal’s utilization rate lay at only 7%."

According to Gate LNG Terminal's website, the developers have "created up to 4 BCM of interruptible capacity through additional send-out, available to parties already having a position in Gate." This flexible capacity brings the facility's total possible output to 16 bcm/y.

In June 2024, Gate LNG began producing liquefied biomethane, or bio-LNG. The liquefier has a capacity of 100,000 tonnes per year. The bio-LNG is intended to be loaded onto trucks and ships for use in bunkering and other applications.

Expansion Background

Between 2019 and 2022, two expansion projects were proposed at the facility, called Phase 3 and Phase 4. In August 2023, Gasunie and Vopak took FID on a combined expansion project.

Originally "Phase 3"

In March of 2019, the Dutch Gate LNG terminal operator formally launched an open season for 2 billion cubic meters (bcm) per year of new send-out capacity, following a winter of record imports of LNG into northwest Europe. The extent of market interest in the new capacity, to be available from 2021-31, could provide an indication of regional buyers’ expectations for LNG demand in the years ahead.

In early 2019, the terminal owners launched an open season on the proposed expansion capacity. While no contracts were signed, they continue to offer the capacity.

In October 2021, Gate Terminal B.V. confirmed that the expansion of the terminal would allow for 1.5 bcm per year additional capacity starting from October 2024.

Originally "Phase 4"

In March 2022, announcing measures designed to reduce the Netherlands' reliance on Russian gas imports, the Dutch government said it aimed to double the country's total LNG import capacity, including expanding capacity at the Gate terminal by 5 to 8 bcm. Gasunie said that it hoped to announce more details about the additional capacity expansion in "the near future".

As of October 2022, ENTSOG's Ten-Year Network Development Plan stated that the expansion project (Phase 4) would further expand the terminal's capacity by 2.5 bcm/y.

Combined Expansion Project

In August 2023, Gasunie and Vopak took FID on the expansion project, now considered to be a single expansion project, with plans to add a fourth storage tank. The expansion will bring the terminal's capacity to 20 bcm/y and be completed in 2026.

Transshipment of Russian LNG

In late 2017/early 2018, it was reported that the Gate LNG Terminal was positioning itself as a hub for receiving and then sending out LNG from Novatek's Yamal LNG Terminal in Siberia. In December 2017, Gate LNG carried out the first-ever transshipment of a Yamal cargo and additional Yamal transshipments took place in 2018. These first transshipments were performed on a spot price basis, and Gate said it was positioning the facility as a "backup" for long-term Yamal transshipment contracts which had been arranged at the Zeebrugge LNG Terminal in Belgium.

In April 2022, a report by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) in April 2022 calculated that €237 million worth of Russian LNG imports had been received at Maasvlakte in Rotterdam in the first two months since Russia's invasion of Ukraine. The Dutch government also announced a commitment to stop purchases of Russian gas by the end of 2022. The Netherlands has been sourcing approximately 15% of its gas from Russia.

Articles and Resources

Additional data

To access additional data, including an interactive map of LNG terminals, a downloadable dataset, and summary data, please visit the Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker on the Global Energy Monitor website.