Hüttenwerke Krupp Mannesmann (HKM) steel plant

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Hüttenwerke Krupp Mannesmann (HKM) steel plant, also known as HKM, Glocke Duisburg, is a steel plant in Duisburg, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany that operates electric arc furnace (EAF), basic oxygen furnace (BOF), blast furnace (BF), and direct reduced iron (DRI) technology.

Location

The map below shows the exact location of the plant in Duisburg, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany:

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  • Location: Hüttenwerke Krupp Mannesmann GmbH Ehinger Strasse 200, 47259 Duisburg, Germany
  • Coordinates (WGS 84): 51.371279, 6.72331 (exact)

Background

The Hüttenwerke Krupp Mannesmann (HKM) steel plant is also listed in a Sandbag report as "Glocke Duisburg" which means "Bell Duisburg".

In 2025, it was reported that HKM would be facing the potential of massive layoffs due to lack of steel demand. HKM is 50% owned by Thyssenkrupp, who is also the largest customer of HKM, with around 60% of the steel produced going to Thyssenkrupp owned facilities for further processing. However, Thyssenkrupp decided in April, 2025 that they would be terminating the current supply contract with HKM in 2032. This loss of business could potentially lead to the HKM plant closure.[1] Thyssenkrupp has also been looking to divest from its steel sector holdings, and has been seeking a sale of the HKM plant, but has struggled to find potential investors, partially due to the aging infrastructure of the plant that has resulted from continually deferred investment.[2]

Transition

HKM has announced plans to shift away from BF-BOF technology in favor of DRI-EAF. They will shut down one blast furnace in 2025 and the second by 2045, replacing these by hydrogen-based alternative reduction technology.[3] The plan was initially announced in 2021, however more recently the company has removed all information regarding the transition from their website, potentially indicating that the transition plans are on hold. There is still mention of process transformations, and no news has indicated that the transition plans are cancelled, but there have been no recent developments.[4]

Ownership Tree

This ownership tree is part of the Global Energy Ownership Tracker, a project of Global Energy Monitor.

Plant Details

Table 1: General Plant Details

Start date Workforce size
1909[5] 3000[6][7][8]

Table 2: Ownership and Parent Company Information

State-owned entity status Parent company Parent company PermID Parent GEM entity ID Owner Owner company PermID Owner GEM entity ID
Partial Thyssenkrupp AG [50.0%]; Vallourec SA [20.0%]; Salzgitter AG 4295869754 [50.0%]; 4295867374 [20.0%]; 4295869182 E100000004212 [50.0%]; E100001010324 [20.0%]; E100001010315 Hüttenwerke Krupp Mannesmann GmbH [100%][9] 4296098874 E100000003277 [100%]

Table 3: Process and Products

Steel product category Steel products ISO 14001 ISO 50001 Main production equipment
crude, semi-finished, finished rolled[10] coke, billet, pig iron, sinter, round bar, rolled, slab[10] 2024-06-22[11] 2024-06-22[12] BF; DRI; EAF; BOF

Table 4: Plant-level Crude Steel Production Capacities (thousand tonnes per annum)

1Please see our Frequently Asked Questions page for an explanation of the different capacity operating statuses.
Capacity operating status1 Basic oxygen furnace steelmaking capacity Electric arc furnace steelmaking capacity Nominal crude steel capacity (total)
announced – 2000[13] 2000[13]
cancelled – 3000[14] 3000[14]
operating pre-retirement 4200[7] – 4200[7]

Table 5: Plant-level Crude Iron Production Capacities (thousand tonnes per annum)

1Please see our Frequently Asked Questions page for an explanation of the different capacity operating statuses.
Capacity operating status1 Blast furnace capacity Sponge iron/DRI capacity Nominal iron capacity (total)
cancelled – 0[14] 0[14]
operating pre-retirement 5200[15] – 5200[15]

Table 6: Upstream Products Production Capacities (thousand tonnes per annum)

Sinter Coke
6000[10][15] 1080[15]

Table 7: Actual Plant-level Crude Steel Production by Year (thousand tonnes per annum)

Year BOF production Other/unknown steel production Total (all routes)
2019 unknown unknown –
2020 4000[8] –[8] 4000[8]
2021 unknown unknown –
2022 unknown unknown –
2023 unknown – –
2024 4000[16] –[16] 4000[16]

Table 8: Actual Plant-level Crude Iron Production by Year (thousand tonnes per annum)

Year BF production Other/unknown iron production
2019 unknown unknown
2020 unknown unknown
2021 unknown unknown
2022 unknown unknown
2023 unknown –
2024 unknown –

Unit Details

Table 9: Blast Furnace Details

Unit name Status Start date Retired date Furnace manufacturer and model Current size Current capacity (ttpa) Decarbonization technology Most recent relining
BF A operating pre-retirement[10] 1973[15] 2028[17] Danieli Corus (repairs)[18] 2449.0[15] 2500[15] Undergoing an update with Paul Wurth to build a coke oven gas compression and injection system for the blast furnaces to reduce CO2 emissions.[19] 2020[20]
BF B operating pre-retirement[17] 1981[21] 2028[17] Danieli Corus (repairs); Saint-Gobain (parts)[22][18] 3229.0[23] 2700[15] Undergoing an update with Paul Wurth to build a coke oven gas compression and injection system for the blast furnaces to reduce CO2 emissions.[19] 2017[20]

Table 10: Direct Reduced Iron Furnace Details

Unit name Status Start date Furnace type Current capacity (ttpa)
unknown DRI (1) cancelled[17] –[24] shaft furnace[24] 0[14]
unknown DRI (2) cancelled[13] 2045[24] shaft furnace[24] 0[14]

Table 11: Direct Reduced Iron Furnace Reductant Details

Unit name Current or initial reductant Gas reductant Hydrogen reductant status Hydrogen reductant conversion date Future hydrogen reductant color
unknown DRI (1) gas[24] syngas (reformed methane)[24] capable[24] 2045[24] green[24]
unknown DRI (2) gas[24] syngas (reformed methane)[24] capable[24] 2045[24] green[24]

Table 12: Electric Arc Furnace Details

Unit name Status Start date Current capacity (ttpa)
unknown EAF (1) announced[13][17] 2028[13] 2000[13]
unknown EAF (2) cancelled[13] 2045[24] 3000[14]

Table 13: Electric Arc Furnace Feedstock Details

Unit name Scrap-based % scrap % DRI % HBI % sponge iron (unknown if DRI or HBI) % basic/merchant pig iron % granulated pig iron % pig iron (unknown if basic/merchant or granulated) % other iron
unknown EAF (1) None unknown unknown unknown unknown unknown unknown unknown unknown
unknown EAF (2) None unknown unknown unknown unknown unknown unknown unknown unknown

Table 14: Basic Oxygen Furnace Details

Unit name Status Retired date Current capacity (ttpa) Current size
unknown BOF (1) operating pre-retirement[14] 2028[17] 2100[7] 300.0 tonnes[25]
unknown BOF (2) operating pre-retirement[14] 2028[17] 2100[7] 300.0 tonnes[25]

Articles and Resources

Additional data

To access additional data, including an interactive map of steel plants, a downloadable dataset, and summary data, please visit the Global Iron and Steel Tracker on the Global Energy Monitor website.

References

  1. ↑ Gaisenkersting, Dietmar (April 20, 2025). "Threat of mass layoffs at Thyssenkrupp and HKM, the conversion of Germany's steel industry to a war economy". World Socialist Web Site. Retrieved November 4, 2025.
  2. ↑ "Thyssenkrupp Faces Setback as Investor Exits Duisburg Steelworks Negotiations". The Munich Eye. February 21, 2025. Retrieved November 4, 2025.
  3. ↑ "CO2-reduction at HKM by 2025 and 2045" (PDF). Hüttenwerke Krupp Mannesmann GmbH. {{cite web}}: line feed character in |title= at position 33 (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ↑ "Transformation at HKM". hkm.de. Retrieved November 4, 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20220531190241/https://geschichte.salzgitter-ag.com/en/index.html. Archived from the original on 2022-05-31. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  6. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20220119044158/https://www.hkm.de/. Archived from the original on 2022-01-19. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 https://web.archive.org/web/20251015234043/https://hkm.de/. Archived from the original on 2025-10-15. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 (PDF) https://www.salzgitter-ag.com/fileadmin/footage/MEDIA/SZAG/investor_relations/praesentationen/2021/2021-07-20-SZAG-Presentation-of-the-Group.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  9. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20210423103517/https://www.hkm.de/unternehmen/gesellschafter/. Archived from the original on 2021-04-23. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 https://web.archive.org/web/20220305104514/https://www.hkm.de/unternehmen/unternehmensbereiche. Archived from the original on 2022-03-05. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  11. ↑ https://hkm.de/unternehmen/publikationen-downloads/. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  12. ↑ (PDF) https://web.archive.org/web/20251022001230/https://hkm.de/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/ISO_50001_Englisch.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2025-10-22. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 https://www.steeltimesint.com/news/salzgitter-ag-to-acquire-100-of-hkm. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 14.8 (PDF) https://web.archive.org/web/20221128193413/https://www.hkm.de/fileadmin/Nachhaltigkeit/H2KM_15.02.2022_english.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2022-11-28. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 15.6 15.7 https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/5341023/at-the-center-for-steel-hkm-huttenwerke-krupp-mannesmann-gmbh. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 (PDF) https://web.archive.org/web/20251022010156/https://www.aist.org/getmedia/d28d3bbc-12a4-47de-8dde-89916d7b355c/HKM-PSI.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2025-10-22. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 17.6 (PDF) https://www.vallourec.com/app/uploads/2026/07/press-release-szag-hkm-tkse.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 https://abmproceedings.com.br/en/article/download-pdf/hot-blast-stove-campaign-extension-repairs-at-operating-temperature. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 https://web.archive.org/web/20220728135039/https://www.paulwurth.com/en/paul-wurth-books-new-order-for-coke-oven-gas-compression-and-injection-technology-at-hkm/. Archived from the original on 2022-07-28. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 https://web.archive.org/web/20240913170846/https://www.tfw2005.com/boards/threads/industrial-heritage-the-unusual-kind-of-tourist-attraction-around-the-world.1245322/. Archived from the original on 2024-09-13. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  21. ↑ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/294337902_Relining_and_restart_of_blast_furnace_B_at_the_Huttenwerke_Krupp_Mannesmann. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  22. ↑ (PDF) https://web.archive.org/web/20221128015619/https://www.ceramicsrefractories.saint-gobain.com/sites/hps-mac3-cma-pcr/files/assetbank_media/Iron---Steel-Blast-Furnace-brochure-2022-web-2274441.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2022-11-28. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  23. ↑ https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/3827133/programme-metec-insteelcon2011. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  24. ↑ 24.00 24.01 24.02 24.03 24.04 24.05 24.06 24.07 24.08 24.09 24.10 24.11 24.12 24.13 24.14 https://www.hkm.de/dekarbonisierung. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 https://www.aist.org/upgrades-on-tap-for-german-bof. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

Resources

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