Voestalpine Stahl Linz steel plant

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Voestalpine Stahl Linz steel plant, also known as Voestalpine Stahl Linz, is a steel plant in Linz, Upper Austria, Austria that operates blast furnace (BF), basic oxygen furnace (BOF), direct reduced iron (DRI), and electric arc furnace (EAF) technology.

Location

The map below shows the exact location of the plant in Linz, Upper Austria, Austria:

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  • Location: voestalpine-Straße 3, 4020 Linz, Austria
  • Coordinates (WGS 84): 48.274023, 14.33434 (exact)

Background

The Voestalpine Stahl Linz steel plant started operating in 1940 and currently operates blast furnace and basic oxygen furnace technology.

Transition

In March 2023, the company approved a EUR 1.5 billion investment to transition its plants away from BF-BOF production. At the Linz plant, an EAF with 1600 ttpa steelmaking capacity will be build. The EAF, along with another at the company's Donawitz plant, is expected to begin construction in 2024 and commissioned by 2027. The company also announced that it will replace one blast furnace each at the two plants in this expansion cycle and plans to replace two more blast furnaces by 2030.[1]

Ownership Tree

This ownership tree is part of the Global Energy Ownership Tracker, a project of Global Energy Monitor.

Low-emissions/green steelmaking

This steel plant is associated with a green steel project tracked in the Green Steel Tracker. Details about the project are included below.

Table 1: Green Steel Project Details

All references for the above data are available in the Green Steel Tracker.
Project 1 Project 2 Project 3 Project 4 Project 5
Project name Voestalpine H2Future Linz Voestalpine CMS Linz Voestalpine Hy4Smelt Linz Voestalpine Greentec Steel Linz Voestalpine H2 Sequence Impulse Process
Company voestalpine Group voestalpine Group voestalpine Group voestalpine Group voestalpine Group
Company has climate goals? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Location Linz, Austria Linz, Austria Linz, Austria Linz, Austria Linz, Austria
Project website Site Site Site Site Site
Project scale Pilot Pilot Demo Full scale Pilot
Project status Finalized (research & testing) Finalized (research & testing) Announced Construction Announced
Year to be online 2019 2023 2027 – –
Technology to be used H2 Production CCS for BF-BOF H-DRI + ESF BF-BOF to EAF H2 injection to BF
Technology details Green electricity electrolysis Optiperm™ Carbon membrane for flue gases HYFOR + Smelter EAF using HBI and scrap Sequence Impulse Process (SIP) technology
Iron production capacity (million tonnes per year) Not applicable Not applicable 0 Not applicable Not stated
Steel production capacity (million tonnes per year) Not applicable Not applicable 0 1 Not stated
CO2 capture (million tonnes CO2 per year) Not applicable Not stated Not stated Not applicable Not applicable
Hydrogen generation capacity (MW) 6 Not applicable Not stated Not applicable Not stated
Investment size (m USD) 21 Not stated 1500 806.055 3.58
Actual start year 2019 2024 – – –
Partners Siemens, Verbund, Austrian Power Grid (APG), K1-MET, ECN/TNO Compact Membrane Systems, Inc Primetals, Mitsubishi Copr, Fortescue, K1-MET, Loesche, Cemex, Scholz, Universita del salento, ESTEP – thyssenkrupp AT.PRO tec GmbH, Primetals Technologies Ltd. , VDEh-Betriebsforschungsinstitut, K1-MET GmbH, thyssenkrupp Steel Europe
Date of announcement 11/11/2019 7/26/2023 10/28/2024 3/22/2023 1/13/2025

Plant Details

Table 2: General Plant Details

Start date Workforce size
1940[2] 9150[2]

Table 3: Ownership and Parent Company Information

Parent company Parent company PermID Parent GEM entity ID Owner Owner company PermID Owner GEM entity ID
Voestalpine AG [100.0%] 4295858976 [100.0%] E100000000031 [100.0%] Voestalpine Stahl GmbH [100%][3] 5035949909 E100000130978 [100%]

Table 4: Process and Products

Steel product category Steel products Steel sector end users Responsible steel Main production equipment
semi-finished, finished rolled[4] galvanized, strip, coated[4] automotive[5] 2027-10-06[6][7] BF; DRI; BOF; EAF

Table 5: Plant-level Crude Steel Production Capacities (thousand tonnes per annum)

1Please see our Frequently Asked Questions page for an explanation of the different capacity operating statuses.
Capacity operating status1 Basic oxygen furnace steelmaking capacity Electric arc furnace steelmaking capacity Nominal crude steel capacity (total)
construction – 1600[8] 1600[8]
operating 4000[9] – 4000[9]
operating pre-retirement 2000[9] – 2000[9]

Table 6: Plant-level Crude Iron Production Capacities (thousand tonnes per annum)

1Please see our Frequently Asked Questions page for an explanation of the different capacity operating statuses.
Capacity operating status1 Blast furnace capacity Sponge iron/DRI capacity Nominal iron capacity (total)
construction – 26[10] 26[10]
operating 3300[11][12] – 3300[11][12]
operating pre-retirement 1700[11] – 1700[11]

Table 7: Upstream Products Production Capacities (thousand tonnes per annum)

Sinter Coke Pellets
NF NF NF

Table 8: Actual Plant-level Crude Steel Production by Year (thousand tonnes per annum)

Year BOF production Other/unknown steel production Total (all routes)
2019 unknown unknown –
2020 5310[13] unknown[13] 5310[13]
2021 6262[13] unknown[13] 6262[13]
2022 5945[13] unknown[13] 5945[13]
2023 5672[13] –[13] 5672[13]
2024 5627[13] –[13] 5627[13]

Table 9: Actual Plant-level Crude Iron Production by Year (thousand tonnes per annum)

Year BF production Other/unknown iron production
2019 unknown unknown
2020 unknown unknown
2021 unknown unknown
2022 unknown unknown

Unit Details

Table 10: Blast Furnace Details

Unit name Status Start date Retired date Furnace manufacturer and model Current size Current capacity (ttpa) Decarbonization technology Most recent relining
BF 5 operating pre-retirement[14] 1941[15] 2027[16][17] Saint-Gobain (parts) Midrex[18][19] –[19] 850[11] An ANDRITZ pilot plant that separates carbon dioxide from flue gases using an amine-based process; Captured CO2 is put in industrial gas bottles and delivered to an energy storage company that is investigating methods to make it available for reuse in steel production.[20] 2023-10-23[21]
BF 6 operating pre-retirement[14] 1941[15] 2030[16] Saint-Gobain (parts)[18] 1200.0[22] 850[11] An ANDRITZ pilot plant that separates carbon dioxide from flue gases using an amine-based process; Captured CO2 is put in industrial gas bottles and delivered to an energy storage company that is investigating methods to make it available for reuse in steel production.[20] 2024-10[23]
BF A operating[14] 1977[24] – Saint-Gobain (parts)[18] –[25] 3300[12][11] An ANDRITZ pilot plant that separates carbon dioxide from flue gases using an amine-based process; Captured CO2 is put in industrial gas bottles and delivered to an energy storage company that is investigating methods to make it available for reuse in steel production.[20] 2018-09[12]

Table 11: Direct Reduced Iron Furnace Details

Unit name Status Construction date Start date Furnace manufacturer and model Furnace type Current capacity (ttpa)
Hy4Smelt Demonstration DRI construction[26] 2025-09[10] 2027[10] Primetals HYFOR[10][10] fluidized bed[10] 26[10]

Table 12: Direct Reduced Iron Furnace Reductant Details

Unit name Current or initial reductant Gas reductant Current or initial hydrogen reductant color
Hy4Smelt Demonstration DRI gas[27] hydrogen[27] green[27]

Table 13: Electric Arc Furnace Details

Unit name Status Announced date Construction date Start date Furnace manufacturer and model Current capacity (ttpa) Current size (tonnes)
unknown EAF (1) construction[28] 2023[8] 2024[28][29] 2027[28][29] Primetals Technologies EAF Ultimate[28][30][30] 1600[8] 180.0[28][8]

Table 14: Electric Arc Furnace Feedstock Details

Unit name Scrap-based % scrap % HBI % pig iron (unknown if basic/merchant or granulated)
unknown EAF (1) yes[28][31] >0[28][31] >0[31] >0[31]

Table 15: Basic Oxygen Furnace Details

Unit name Status Start date Retired date Current capacity (ttpa) Current size
unknown BOF (1) operating[32] 1973[33][34] – 2000[9] 180.0 tonnes[35]
unknown BOF (2) operating pre-retirement[8] 1973[33][34] 2027[8] 2000[9] 180.0 tonnes[35]
unknown BOF (3) operating[32] 1973[33][34] – 2000[9] 180.0 tonnes[35]

Articles and Resources

Additional data

To access additional data, including an interactive map of steel plants, a downloadable dataset, and summary data, please visit the Global Iron and Steel Tracker on the Global Energy Monitor website.

References

  1. ↑ "voestalpine Board OKs EUR1.5 Billion EAF Installation". AIST. 3/22/2023. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 (PDF) https://web.archive.org/web/20211127104423/https://www.responsiblesteel.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/2021-10-07-voestalpine-Linz-ResponsibleSteel_PublicSummary.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-11-27. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  3. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20211119123528/https://www.voestalpine.com/stahl/en/Companies/voestalpine-Stahl-GmbH. Archived from the original on 2021-11-19. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 https://web.archive.org/web/20220125075939/https://www.voestalpine.com/stahl/en/Companies/voestalpine-Stahl-GmbH/Products. Archived from the original on 2022-01-25. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  5. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20240119061838/https://www.seaisi.org/details/23160?type=news-rooms. Archived from the original on 2024-01-19. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  6. ↑ "Issued and Ongoing Certifications". Responsible Steel. Archived from the original on 2022-03-19.
  7. ↑ (PDF) https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/653ed7060b01292cd4518d0e/6839dd6446effc516121f655_ResponsibleSteel_PublicSummary_voestalpineAG%20(2)%20(1)-combined.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 https://www.aist.org/news/steel-news/2023/march/20-24-march-2023/voestalpine-board-oks-eur1-5-billion-eaf-installat. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 https://web.archive.org/web/20220319021812/https://www.eurofer.eu/about-steel/learn-about-steel/where-is-steel-made-in-europe/. Archived from the original on 2022-03-19. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2025/09/25/3156253/0/en/Construction-Begins-on-Hydrogen-Based-Ironmaking-Plant-in-Linz-Austria.html. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 (PDF) https://web.archive.org/web/20210917001257/https://www.voestalpine.com/group/static/sites/group/.downloads/de/aktie/praesentation/2020-21-business-model-and-facts-voestalpine-group.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-09-17. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 https://web.archive.org/web/20220529121429/https://www.voestalpine.com/stahl/en/Stories/State-of-the-art-technology-under-a-rough-surface. Archived from the original on 2022-05-29. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  13. ↑ 13.00 13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04 13.05 13.06 13.07 13.08 13.09 13.10 13.11 13.12 13.13 13.14 https://gmk.center/en/news/austria-produced-7-1-million-tons-of-steel-in-2024/. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 https://web.archive.org/web/20220704122148/https://www.voestalpine.com/blog/en/innovation-en/a-fresh-wind-blows-at-voestalpine-the-small-blast-furnace-starts-up-again/. Archived from the original on 2022-07-04. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 https://web.archive.org/web/20180903215559/http://www.referenceforbusiness.com:80/history2/8/voestalpine-AG.html. Archived from the original on 2018-09-03. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 https://web.archive.org/web/20230130112806/https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en/market-insights/latest-news/metals/060921-steelmaker-voestalpine-to-convert-three-blast-furnaces-to-eafs-by-2030. Archived from the original on 2023-01-30. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  17. ↑ (PDF) https://www.voestalpine.com/group/static/sites/group/.downloads/en/publications-2024-25/2024-25-annual-report.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 (PDF) https://web.archive.org/web/20221128015619/https://www.ceramicsrefractories.saint-gobain.com/sites/hps-mac3-cma-pcr/files/assetbank_media/Iron---Steel-Blast-Furnace-brochure-2022-web-2274441.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2022-11-28. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 https://web.archive.org/web/20220928121025/https://www.midrex.com/tech-article/using-hbi-in-blast-furnaces/. Archived from the original on 2022-09-28. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 https://www.aist.org/news/steel-news/2023/august/21-25-august/andritz-carbon-capture-plant-now-in-operation-at-v. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  21. ↑ https://www.voestalpine.com/stahl/en/Stories/Blast-Furnace-5-again-blown-in. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  22. ↑ https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/srin.202100078. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  23. ↑ (PDF) https://gmk.center/en/news/voestalpine-shuts-down-blast-furnace-no-6-in-linz-for-80-day-overhaul/, https://reports.voestalpine.com/2425/qr/2/management-report/investments.html, https://www.voestalpine.com/group/static/sites/group/.downloads/en/publications-2024-25/2024-25-annual-report.pdf https://www.voestalpine.com/stella/en/content/download/60161/file/Umwelterklaerung_2024_EN_26112024.pdf, https://gmk.center/en/news/voestalpine-shuts-down-blast-furnace-no-6-in-linz-for-80-day-overhaul/, https://reports.voestalpine.com/2425/qr/2/management-report/investments.html, https://www.voestalpine.com/group/static/sites/group/.downloads/en/publications-2024-25/2024-25-annual-report.pdf. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  24. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20220619121459/https://www.voestalpine.com/group/en/group/overview/history/. Archived from the original on 2022-06-19. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  25. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20210615161051/https://www.voestalpine.com/group/en/group/overview/history/2002-2008.html. Archived from the original on 2021-06-15. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  26. ↑ https://www.hydrogeninsight.com/industrial/construction-begins-on-green-hydrogen-based-direct-reduced-iron-plant-in-austria/2-1-1877135. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 (PDF) https://www.mhi.com/technology/review/sites/g/files/jwhtju2326/files/tr/pdf/e592/e592070.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.3 28.4 28.5 28.6 https://web.archive.org/web/20241008161623/https://www.recyclingtoday.com/news/voestalpine-austria-steel-electric-arc-furnace-linz-primetals-recycling/. Archived from the original on 2024-10-08. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 https://web.archive.org/web/20240122224726/https://www.recyclingtoday.com/news/voestalpine-austria-steel-eaf-conversion-scrap-recycling-hbi-euros/. Archived from the original on 2024-01-22. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 https://web.archive.org/web/20240209190834/https://www.aist.org/news/steel-news/2024/january/15-19-january-2024/voestalpine-contracts-primetals-technologies-for-e. Archived from the original on 2024-02-09. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 31.3 https://web.archive.org/web/20240912174448/https://gmk.center/en/news/voestalpine-has-started-work-on-the-construction-of-eaf-at-the-plant-in-linz/. Archived from the original on 2024-09-12. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 https://web.archive.org/web/20240122224451/https://www.eurofer.eu/assets/Uploads/Slide1.PNG. Archived from the original on 2024-01-22. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 33.2 (PDF) https://www.voestalpine.com/group/static/sites/group/.downloads/en/press/2012-broschuere-the-linz-donawitz-process.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 https://www.encyclopedia.com/books/politics-and-business-magazines/voest-alpine-stahl-ag. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 35.2 https://www.primetals.com/press-media/news/voestalpine-stahl-gmbh-to-use-robots-from-primetals-technologies-in-its-converter-steel-works. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

Resources

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