Dunkirk LNG Terminal
| Part of the Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker, a Global Energy Monitor project. |
Dunkirk LNG Terminal, also known as Dunkerque LNG Terminal, is an LNG import terminal in France with units that are proposed and operating.
Location
Table 1: Location details
| Name | Location | Coordinates (WGS 84) |
|---|---|---|
| Ammonia Import Terminal | Dunkirk, Nord, Hauts-de-France, France[1] | 51.03361, 2.19653 (exact) |
| Debottlenecking | Dunkirk, Nord, Hauts-de-France, France[1] | 51.03361, 2.19653 (exact) |
| Dunkirk LNG Terminal (base project) | Dunkirk, Nord, Hauts-de-France, France[1] | 51.03361, 2.19653 (exact) |
The map below shows the exact location of the terminal:
Project Details
Table 2: Infrastructure details
| Name | Facility type | Status | Capacity | Total terminal capacity | Offshore | Associated infrastructure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammonia Import Terminal | import[2] | proposed[2] | – | – | False | Zeebrugge LNG Terminal; Dunkirk Zeebrugge Pipeline[3][3] |
| Debottlenecking | import[4] | operating[5] | – | – | False | Zeebrugge LNG Terminal; Dunkirk Zeebrugge Pipeline[3][3] |
| Dunkirk LNG Terminal (base project) | import[4] | operating[6] | 9.55 mtpa[7] | N/A (multiple facility types) | False | Zeebrugge LNG Terminal; Dunkirk Zeebrugge Pipeline[3][3] |
Table 3: Cost
| Name | Facility type | Cost | Total known terminal costs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ammonia Import Terminal | import[2] | – | US$1,090,000,000 |
| Debottlenecking | import[4] | – | US$1,090,000,000 |
| Dunkirk LNG Terminal (base project) | import[4] | US$1,090,000,000 (1,000,000,000 EUR)[8] | US$1,090,000,000 |
Financing
No financing data available.
Table 4: Project timeline
| Name | Facility type | Status | Proposal year | FID year | Construction year | Operating year | Inactive year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammonia Import Terminal | import[2] | proposed[2] | –[2] | – | – | – | – |
| Debottlenecking | import[4] | operating[5] | – | – | – | 2023[5] | – |
| Dunkirk LNG Terminal (base project) | import[4] | operating[6] | 2009[9] | 2011 (FID)[10] | 2011[10] | 2017[6] | – |
Ownership
Table 5: Ownership
| Name | Facility type | Status | Owners | Parent companies | Operator |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammonia Import Terminal | import[2] | proposed[2] | Dunkerque LNG[11] | AXA SA; Credit Agricole Group; Energy Infrastructure Partners AG; Hanwha Investment and Securities; IBK Securities; Publigaz SA; Samsung; small shareholder(s) | Gaz-Opale[12] |
| Debottlenecking | import[4] | operating[5] | Dunkerque LNG[11] | AXA SA; Credit Agricole Group; Energy Infrastructure Partners AG; Hanwha Investment and Securities; IBK Securities; Publigaz SA; Samsung; small shareholder(s) | Gaz-Opale[12] |
| Dunkirk LNG Terminal (base project) | import[4] | operating[6] | Dunkerque LNG[11] | AXA SA; Credit Agricole Group; Energy Infrastructure Partners AG; Hanwha Investment and Securities; IBK Securities; Publigaz SA; Samsung; small shareholder(s) | Gaz-Opale[12] |
Background
Dunkirk LNG Terminal is a liquefied natural gas (LNG) regasification terminal near Dunkirk in Hauts-de-France. It first appeared as a proposed terminal for public comment in February 2009.[13] An agreement was signed in March 2010 between EDF and TotalEnergies whereby TotalEnergies agreed to reserve regasification capacity.[14] Financing was secured in June 2011, and construction was able to begin; June 2011 is considered the final investment decision date and the construction start date.[15] The terminal was commissioned in January 2017. It is the second-largest LNG regasification terminal in continental Europe, after Barcelona.[15][16][17][18]
In May 2016, France and Belgium launched a €1.2 billion bidirectional gas transmission pipeline, the Dunkirk Zeebrugge Pipeline, connecting the Dunkirk and Fluxys Zeebrugge LNG Terminal, and allowing the LNG Dunkirk terminal to access the German, Dutch and UK gas market. The pipeline has an 8 bcm/y transport capacity.[19]
According to Food and Water Europe's profile on gas use in France, "Between January 2012 and March 2019 (and for Dunkerque since it started operating in January 2017), the four existing LNG terminals were only used at an average of about 30% of their capacity. At the end of 2016 while the Dunkirk terminal was just about to be commissioned, Engie, its main operator, announced it would cut 1,150 jobs in the French LNG sector. Despite these more than sufficient infrastructures, especially in a context of important gas demand reduction, France receives significant support (notably via the List of Projects of Common Interest) to further develop its gas network and transmission capacity."[19]
Dunkerque LNG launched a truck-loading service offering 3,000 slots in 2020 as well as two calls to the market for long-term and short-term capacities. The adaptation of the jetty to enable reloading and unloading services for small-scale LNG vessels (with a capacity > 5,000 m3) was finalised and its commercial launch will take place in 2021. In early 2021 Dunkerque LNG ran a Request For Interest (RFI) regarding its small-scale (truckloading and bunkering) services.[20]
In April 2022, a report by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) calculated that, through the Dunkirk terminal and the Zeebrugge LNG Terminal, Fluxys was the world's top importer of Russian LNG in the first two months since Russia's invasion of Ukraine. A total of 14 LNG shipments delivered to the two terminals from the Yamal LNG Terminal in Siberia were valued at €717 million at Zeebrugge and €213 million at Dunkirk.[21]
Optimization and Debottlenecking
In December 2022, Argus Media reported that optimization and debottlenecking processes at the facility were set to increase import capacity by 2 mtpa around the start of 2023.[22] As of July 2023, GIIGNL reported that the facility still had its original capacity of 9.6 mtpa.[23] In March 2023, GRTgaz published in a ten-year plan that the sendout capacity had been increased from 520 GWh/d to 575 GWh/d, and could be further increased to 600 GWh/d. The 55 GWh/d increase is equivalent to 2 bcm/y, or 1.5 mtpa.[24] However, the 2024 version of Fluxys's Dunkerque LNG press kit states that the capacity is 13 bcm/y (9.6 mtpa), which does not appear to add this new capacity.[25]
CO2 Export Project
According to the 2025 GIIGNL report, there is a proposed CO2 export terminal being developed next to the LNG terminal, which would liquefy and ship CO2 captured by "the emitting companies." The developers plan to take a final investment decision in 2025.[26]
Ownership
In October 2018 a consortium of Belgian gas group Fluxys, AXA Investment Managers and Credit Agricole Assurances acquired a stake of 31% from EDF, while a consortium of Korean investors led by IPM Group (InfraPartners Management) acquired a stake of 34.01% from EDF. The two consortia also bought Total's 9.9% share of the terminal.[27]
In September 2025, it was reported that Asterion Industrial Partners, an independent investment management firm focused on infrastructure investments in the European mid-market, had announced the acquisition of a stake in FluxDune and, indirectly, a stake in Dunkerque LNG from AXA Investment Managers.[28][29] The transaction involves AXA Investment Managers selling its 24.9% stake in the holding company of the majority consortium FluxDune (holds a stake of 60.76% in the LNG terminal), which indirectly gives it a 15.19% stake alongside Fluxys (30.39%) and Crédit Agricole Assurances (15.19%), to Asterion Industrial Partners.[30]
Articles and Resources
Additional data
To access additional data, including an interactive map of LNG terminals, a downloadable dataset, and summary data, please visit the Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker on the Global Energy Monitor website.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 https://www.google.com/maps/place/51%C2%B002'01.0%22N+2%C2%B011'47.5%22E/@51.03361,2.1939551,726m/data=!3m2!1e3!4b1!4m4!3m3!8m2!3d51.03361!4d2.19653?entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI1MDcxNi4wIKXMDSoASAFQAw%3D%3D.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 https://www.h2inframap.eu/.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 (PDF) https://www.foodandwatereurope.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/France_FactSheet_2019-final.pdf.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 (PDF) https://giignl.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/GIIGNL-2024-Annual-Report-1.pdf.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news/2405122-european-lng-import-capacity-to-rise-sharply-in-2023.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 http://www.lngworldnews.com/dunkirk-lng-terminal-starts-commercial-operations/.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ https://www.fluxys.com/en/about-us/dunkerque-lng.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ https://ijglobal.com/data/transaction/42065/dunkirk-lng-regasification-terminal-refinancing.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ https://www.cre.fr/en/Documents/Public-consultations/Dunkerque-LNG/download-consultation.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 10.0 10.1 (PDF) https://www.fluxys.com/-/media/project/fluxys/public/corporate/fluxyscom/company/dnk/press-kit/dunkerque_lng_press_kit_2021.pdf.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 (PDF) https://giignl.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/GIIGNL2022_Annual_Report_May24.pdf.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 https://www.fluxys.com/en/about-us/dunkerque-lng/infrastructure.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ "Dunkerque LNG public consultation announcement". CRE France. Retrieved 2022-04-14.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ "EDF et Total signent un accord dans le cadre du projet de terminal méthanier de Dunkerque". TotalEnergies.com. Archived from the original on 2020-08-15. Retrieved 2022-04-14.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 "Dunkerque LNG press kit 2021" (PDF). Fluxys. Retrieved 2022-04-14.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ Dunkirk LNG Terminal, Global Energy Observatory, accessed April 2017.
- ↑ Dunkirk LNG terminal starts commercial operations, LNG World News, 3 Jan. 2017.
- ↑ Commercial commissioning of the Dunkirk regasification terminal, Fluxys press release, 3 Jan. 2017.
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 France, Food and Water Europe, accessed December 4, 2019
- ↑ GIIGNL. The LNG Industry: GIIGNL Annual Report 2021. Accessed July 21, 2026.
- ↑ Financing Putin’s war on Europe: Fossil fuel imports from Russia in the first two months of the invasion, Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air, Apr. 28, 2022
- ↑ "European LNG import capacity to rise sharply in 2023 | Argus Media". 2022-12-29. Retrieved 2023-01-12.
- ↑ GIIGNL. The LNG Industry: GIIGNL Annual Report 2023. Accessed July 21, 2026.
- ↑ GRTgaz. Bilan prévisionnel pluriannuel et plan décennal de développement 2022 - 2031. March 2023.
- ↑ Fluxys. Dunkerque LNG Press Kit. Accessed September 10, 2024.
- ↑ GIIGNL. The LNG Industry: GIIGNL Annual Report 2025. Accessed July 21, 2026.
- ↑ Fluxys becomes core shareholder of Dunkirk LNG terminal, LNG Industry, Oct. 31, 2018
- ↑ "Asterion strengthens presence in energy sector with Dunkerque LNG Investment - Asterion Industrial Partners". www.asterionindustrial.com. 2025-09-15. Retrieved 2026-07-21.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ "Asterion acquires stake in Dunkerque LNG plant | Tom Goulding posted on the topic | LinkedIn". www.linkedin.com. 2025-09. Retrieved 2026-07-21.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help)CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ "Dunkerque LNG méthanise un minoritaire | CFNEWSINFRA". www.cfnewsinfra.net. 2025-09-18. Retrieved 2026-07-21.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
