Indramayu power station
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Indramayu power station is an operating power station of at least 990-megawatts (MW) in Sumur Adem, Sukra, Indramayu, West Java, Indonesia with multiple units, some of which are not currently operating. It is also known as 英德拉玛玉电站.
Location
Table 1: Project-level location details
| Plant name | Location | Coordinates (WGS 84) |
|---|---|---|
| Indramayu power station | Sumur Adem, Sukra, Indramayu, West Java, Indonesia | -6.274738, 107.97043 (exact) |
Unit-level coordinates (WGS 84):
- Unit 1, Unit 2, Unit 3, Unit 4, Unit 5: -6.274738, 107.97043
Project Details
Table 2: Unit-level details
| Unit name | Status | Fuel(s) | Capacity (MW) | Technology | Start year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unit 1 | Operating | coal: subbituminous, bioenergy: wood & other biomass (solids) | 330 | subcritical | 2010 |
| Unit 2 | Operating | coal: subbituminous, bioenergy: wood & other biomass (solids) | 330 | subcritical | 2011 |
| Unit 3 | Operating | coal: subbituminous, bioenergy: wood & other biomass (solids) | 330 | subcritical | 2011 |
| Unit 4 | Cancelled | coal: unknown | 1000 | supercritical | 2030 (planned) |
| Unit 5 | Cancelled | coal: unknown | 1000 | supercritical | – |
Table 3: Unit-level ownership and operator details
| Unit name | Owner | Parent |
|---|---|---|
| Unit 1 | PT PLN (Persero) [100%] | PT PLN (Persero) [100.0%] |
| Unit 2 | PT PLN (Persero) [100%] | PT PLN (Persero) [100.0%] |
| Unit 3 | PT PLN (Persero) [100%] | PT PLN (Persero) [100.0%] |
| Unit 4 | PT PLN (Persero) [100%] | PT PLN (Persero) [100.0%] |
| Unit 5 | PT PLN (Persero) [100%] | PT PLN (Persero) [100.0%] |
Background
The Indramayu power station is a three-unit, 990-megawatt (MW) coal-fired power station in Indonesia's West Java Province, owned by PLN.[1] The three units of the Indramayu power station were built under Fast Track Program (FTP) Phase I.[2][3] The three units were financed by US$129 million in equity, provided by PLN, and US$730 million in loans provided by a consortium of banks including Societe Generale, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, China Construction Bank, BNP Paribas, Bank of China, China Development Bank, China CITIC Bank, Bank Negara Indonesia, Bank Mandiri, and Bank Rakyat Indonesia.[4]
In December 2014, Indramayu Regency officials alleged that a former Regency government official, Irianto M.S. Syafiuddin, had embezzled 4.1 billion Rupiah, or about $300,000, in the land acquisition process for the Indramayu plant in 2004.[5]
As of August 2022, the power station reportedly co-fired with woody biomass. According to Trend Asia, "most" 2 to 7-year-old children in Tegal Taman Village had been exposed to acute respiratory infections attributed to Indramayu power station.[6]
Description of Expansion
PLN is planning to build two additional 1,000-MW coal-fired units at this plant. Environmental permits have been difficult to obtain, and have caused significant delays, with the company still waiting on these permits as of December 2014. The company was hoping to begin construction in 2015, but was uncertain whether it would be able to.[7][8]
The 2015-2014 power supply plan for PT PLN lists the projected starting dates for Units 4 and 5 as 2019 and 2024 respectively.[9]
The 2016-2025 and the 2017-2026 power supply plans for PT PLN no longer list Indaramayu Unit 5. It appears the project has been abandoned.[10] However, a May 2017 article on potential JCIC funding describes the project as 2 x 1000 MW, suggesting that Unit 5 is still under development. In the report, the Central Business Division Director of Central Java PLN, Nasri Sebayang, said that a 2 x 1000 MW expansion is now in the preparation stage of the tender documents for JICA funding, with construction beginnning in 2018 and ending in 2021. The plant would require US$4 billion.[11]
On December 6, 2017, the environmental permit for Units 4 & 5 was revoked by Bandung Administrative Court Judges. This ruling was in response to a lawsuit filed by Mekarsari and surrounding villagers who are members of the Indramayu Smoke Free Network (JATAYU). The residents argued the environmental permit for PLN’s proposed expansion had been improperly issued and there had been no public consultation with the affected communities.[12] The decision will likely be appealed and ruled on by a higher court.
In June 2018, PT PLN Persero announced that the targeted completion date for Units 4 & 5 had been postponed to 2027.[13]
The long-range plan for 2019-2028 lists Unit 4 with a target completion date of 2026,[14] but does not list Unit 5, indicating that it is cancelled. In October 2019, it was reported that PLN was seeking funding that would allow it proceed with the development of Unit 4.[15]
The long-range plan for 2021-2030 shelved the project.[16] In October 2022, the expansion was reported on as being stopped.[17] In May 2023, the expansion was described as "postponed", reportedly because of both the prioritization of renewable energy alternatives and the grid's level of demand.[18]
In October 2023, the expansion was reportedly officially stalled. President Jokowi described that there was "no certainty" regarding Indramayu II and that Indonesia must prioritize the development of hydro, wind, geothermal and solar energy generation.[19]
In December 2024, the power station expansion was described as cancelled.[20] Land intended for the project had reportedly been returned to the community.[21]
Financing
Units 1-3: US$730 million in debt, US$129 million in equity.
Unit 4 and 5: In March 2013, Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) signed a US$88 million overseas development aid loan to support funding for construction of unit 4.[22][23]
In 2017, PLN officials stated that JICA had agreed to provide debt financing for the US$4 billion needed for construction costs of the two units.[24][11] Given that, as of October 2021, construction had not begun on Indramayu Unit 4, it is unclear whether this financing agreement has been finalized or how much funding has been disbursed. Activist groups from across the globe have called on JICA to pull its funding commitment from the Indramayu expansion.[25][26]
In June 2022, Japan announced it would stop providing yen loans for the construction of coal-fired electricity plants in Indonesia. The policy reversal regarding the construction of the Indramayu plant came in response to fierce international criticism. According to Wanhar, director of electricity program supervision at the country’s energy and mineral resources ministry, the project was already on hold and could be halted completely in line with Indonesia’s net-zero target.[27]
Public opposition
The expansion has been opposed by local residents, who say the existing plant has already resulted in negative impacts to their livelihoods, and that the expansion would displace needed farming land.[28] Executive Director of WALHI West Java Dadan Ramdan described the December 2017 revocation of the environmental permit for PLTU Indramayu 2 as a victory for villagers.[12]
In September 2018, two environmentalists who had protested the Indramayu expansion were arrested and charged with raising an inverted national flag, which is a crime under Article 24 of Law No. 24/2009.[29]
In August 2022, public resistance to the planned 1000 MW expansion was ongoing. Residents of the area cited a public health crisis caused by the existing plant and protested the development of Phase II. Farmers and fishermen claimed that their livelihoods were majorly impacted by pollution from Indramayu power station, with crop yields reportedly down 90%. One resident stated that after the power station began operating, hundreds of his coconut trees died.[30]
In September 2022, on "National Farmers Day", residents of Mekarsari village held an action with threefold goals: refuse biomass co-firing at the power station, close Indramayu 1, and officially cancel Indramayu 2. One farmer stated (Google translate): "our livelihood from agriculture has been lost and even now our village is no longer comfortable because every day there is smoke from the chimney of PLTU I."[31]
In September 2023, local residents sent a letter to the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, urging the Ministry not to grant a new permit to the Indramayu power station expansion. The letter was organized by Jaringan Tanpa Asap Batu Bara Indramayu (Google translate: Indramayu Coal Smokeless Network).[32]
In December 2023, opposition organized by the Network was ongoing.[33]
As of November 2024, nearby residents continued to oppose the development of the expansion project, citing negative impacts caused by the operating units. Some community members were reportedly imprisoned for "mob violence" in relation to activism and attempted reconciliation of an ongoing land dispute.[34]
Environmental impact
The construction of PLTU Indramayu 2 significantly decreased the productivity of nearby agricultural land, covering a total area of 275.4 hectares. As a result, 790 farm laborers lost their jobs which are their cultural roots.[35]
An analysis of air pollution measurements in Central Jakarta from July and August 2023 found that nearby coal plants contributed between 5 – 31% of fine particle pollution (PM2.5) on individual days. The study, conducted by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA), reported that the coal plants with the highest average contribution to air pollution in this period were Cikarang Babelan power station, Indramayu power station, and Cilacap Sumber power station.[36]
In March 2024, residents living near Indramayu power station claimed that the dust caused by the power station was "thicker" and "dirtier" since biomass co-firing began.[37]
In October 2024, nearby residents recounted a decrease in their shrimp catch reportedly caused by Indramayu power station.[38]
Articles and Resources
References
- ↑ "Coal-Fired Plants Financed by International Public Investment Institutions Since 1994", Appendix to Foreclosing the Future: Coal, Climate and International Public Finance: Investment in coal-fired power plants hinders the fight against global warming, Environmental Defense, April 2009.
- ↑ “Electricity Policy Development & Investment Opportunity in Indonesia,” presentation by Ministry Energy and Mineral Resources, Directorate General of Electricity, March 2014
- ↑ "Indramayu Coal Power Plant," Global Energy Observatory, accessed April 2014
- ↑ Indramayu Coal-fired Power Plant, IJGlobal, May 15, 2017
- ↑ Yance Diduga Korupsi Rp 4,1 Miliar di Proyek PLTU Sumur Adem, Kompas, 5 Dec. 2014.
- ↑ Latest Research: Contrary to Government Claims, Biomass Co-firing in Indonesia Increases Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Trend Asia, 29 Aug. 2022.
- ↑ Pembangunan PLTU II Terganjal Izin, Radar Cirebon, 27 Jan. 2014.
- ↑ Pembangunan PLTU II Indramayu Tunggu Amdal, Republika, 4 Dec. 2014.
- ↑ "Executive Summary: Electricity Supply Business Plan, PT PLN (Persero) 2015-2014,"
- ↑ “Rencana Usaha Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik, PT PLN (Persero), 2016-2025,” Kementerian Energi Dan Sumber Daya Mineral, June 2016
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Muhammad Idris, "PLTU Indramayu Project 2x1.000 MW Financed by Japanese Loan Rp 53 T," detikFinance, 29 March 2017
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Gugatan Warga Desa Mkarsari Dikabulkan Majelis Hakim PTUN Bandung Mencabut Izin Lingkungan PLTU Indramayu 2 WALHI, Dec. 8, 2017
- ↑ ENERGI LISTRIK : Jadwal Operasi PLTU Indramayu 2 Diundur, Surabaya, Jun. 21, 2018
- ↑ Rencana Usaha Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik (RUPTL) 2019-2028, PT PLN Persero, V-38
- ↑ Jelang HLN KE-74, PLN UIP JBT I Bangun 3.093,2 mw Untuk Listrik Jawa Bali, Komas, Oct. 25, 2019
- ↑ Rencana Usaha Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik (RUPTL) 2021-2030, PT PLN Persero, Oct. 2021
- ↑ PTUN Bandung Batalkan Izin Lingkungan PLTU Tanjung Jati A di Cirebon, katadata, Oct. 14, 2022
- ↑ Intip Nasib PLTU Indramayu yang Gagal Dapat Pendanaan dari Jepang, Kontan.co.id, May 30, 2023
- ↑ Proyek PLTU Indramayu II Mangkrak, Jokowi: Kita Prioritaskan Energi Hijau, Kumparan Bisnis, October 13, 2023
- ↑ Bara Warga di Kampung Pulo Kuntul, Bandung Bergerak, December 26, 2024
- ↑ Panen Bawang Merah di Area PLTU Indramayu, Tempo, December 23, 2024
- ↑ "Court revokes permit for Indramayu 2 | News | IJGlobal". ijglobal.com. Retrieved 2020-11-05.
- ↑ "Expansion Plan of Indramayu Coal-fired Power Plant in West Java, Indonesia" (PDF). sekitan. November 2019.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ Pebrianto Eko Wicaksono, Proyek PLTU Indramayu 2x1.000 MW Dibiayai Pinjaman Jepang Rp 53 T, Liputan6, Mar. 29, 2017
- ↑ Joint Statement: NGOs call on Japan to end overseas public finance for fossil fuels including Indramayu and Matarbari 2 coal plants, at G7 Summit, Human Rights Watch, June 6, 2021
- ↑ PLTU Batubara Indramayu Disorot, WALHI Desak Jepang Batalkan Pendanaan, IDN Times, Oct. 5, 2021
- ↑ "Japan to end financing of Asian coal projects," Financial Review, June 23, 2022
- ↑ "Locals Protest Indramayu II Steam Power Plant Project," GRES News, 25 February 2016
- ↑ Free Sawin And Sukma Stop The Environmental Criminalization, WAHLI, Oct. 17, 2018
- ↑ Nestapa Warga Indramayu: Terancam Polusi & Tergusur Akibat PLTU, tirto.id, Aug. 20, 2022
- ↑ Masyarakat JATAYU: Tutup PLTU Indramayu 1 Agar Kami Bisa Hidup di Tanah yang Subur, Trend Asia, Sept. 24, 2022
- ↑ Jatayu Tolak Pembangunan PLTU 2 Indramayu, Tempo Witness, Sept. 12, 2023
- ↑ Perjuangan Jatayu di Tengah Transisi Energi, PT Kompas Media Nusantara, Dec. 17, 2023
- ↑ The Persistence of the Jatayu Community in Demanding the Closure of the Indramayu PLTU, from Criminalization to International Support, Hukama News, November 27, 2024
- ↑ WALHI Calls for Complete Cessation of Coal PLTU Funding, Here's a List of Projects, PT Kolaborasi Mediapreneur Nusantara, Mar. 10, 2021
- ↑ "Work From Home (WFH) and other gimmicks cannot clear Jakarta’s air," Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air, August 25, 2023
- ↑ Biomass-burning coal plants leave the air even dirtier, Java communities say, Mongabay, March 25, 2024
- ↑ Keluh Kesah Warga Tinggal di Penyangga PLTU Indramayu, Detik Jabar, October 14, 2024
Additional data
To access additional data, including an interactive map of coal-fired power stations, a downloadable dataset, and summary data, please visit the Global Coal Plant Tracker on the Global Energy Monitor website.
